HTML Element Reference

Form Elements

Formating Elements

Frame Elements

Head Elements

Image and Media Elements

List Elements

Structure Elements

Table Elements

The HTML Elements reference.

"area" - html element

This element defines a map region on a client-side image.
Starttag <area> is Required and endtag </area> is forbidden
Each map region may have a special action when clicked.
The SHAPE and COORDS attributes specifies which part of the image that is included in the region.
Browsers that support the area - element :

Element "area" example:

<html>
  <body>
    <img src="images/TheSun.png" 
         alt="The Sun image" title="The Sun image"
         usemap="#sunmap" />
    <map name="sunmap">
      <area id="sun" shape="circle"
            coords="182,117,57" alt="The Sun" 
            onclick="alert('You click on the Sun');"/></map>
   <p>Coordinates:
      <script type="text/javascript">
        document.write(document.getElementById("sun").coords);
      </script>
      Which is :<br/>
      left: 182px; (to the center of the sun)<br/>
      top: 117px;  (to the center of the sun)<br/>
      radius: 57px;
    </p>

  </body>
</html>

Attributes:
accesskey , alt (required), class , coords , dir , href , id , lang , nohref , shape (Initial: rect), style , tabindex , target , title

Attribute "accesskey" value(s): a character as the accesskey

Assigns an access key to an element. Pressing an access key assigned to an element gives focus to the element. Will move focus to each map area using the accesskey assigned to each area element.

The action that occurs when an element receives focus depends on the element.

The key combination that activates the link to which the accesskey is applied varies depending on the platform and browser combination.

These are for the windows platform:

Browser	accesskey usage	Remarks
	Shift + Alt + accesskey	Set the focus on the element and execute any link (a) if exist.
	Alt + accesskey	Set the focus on the element. Press enter to execute any link.
	Shift + escape + accesskey	Shift + escape gives you a list of possible accesskey related to the page.
	Shift + Alt + accesskey	Set the focus on the element and execute any link (a) if exist.
	Shift + Alt + accesskey	Set the focus on the element and execute any link (a) if exist.
	Shift + Alt + accesskey	Set the focus on the element and execute any link (a) if exist.
	Shift + Alt + accesskey	Set the focus on the element and execute any link (a) if exist.

Attribute "alt" value(s): text

A short description. For user agents that cannot display images, forms, or applets, this attribute specifies alternate text.

Attribute "class" value(s): A list of style class names that must be separated by white space characters.

This attribute assigns a style class name or set of style class names to an element. Any number of elements may be assigned the same class name or names.

You will find more about this in the CSS learning on this site.

Attribute "coords" value(s): coordinates

Specifies the position and shape on the screen. The number and order of values depends on The shape being defined.

For use with client-side image maps

Possible attribute, coords, values for this element:

Attribute value	description
rect	left-x, top-y, right-x, bottom-y.
circle	center-x, center-y, radius. Note. When the radius value is a percentage value, user agents should calculate the final radius value based on the associated object's width and height. The radius should be the smaller value of the two.
poly	x1, y1, x2, y2, ..., xN, yN. The first x and y coordinate pair and the last should be the same to close the polygon. When these coordinate values are not the same, user agents should infer an additional coordinate pair to close the polygon.

Attribute "coords" example:

<html>
  <body>
    <object data="images/TheSun.png"
            title="The Sun image"  usemap="#sunmap">
      <map name="sunmap">
        <a  shape="circle" 
        coords="182,117,57"
        onclick="alert('You clicked on the sun');">Sun</a>
      </map>
    </object>
    <br/>Remember: This will not work in Internet Explorer.
  </body>
</html>

Attribute "dir" value(s): ltr or rtl

Specifies the base direction of directionally neutral text in an element's content and attribute values. It also specifies the directionality of tables.

Possible attribute, dir, values for this element:

Attribute value	description
ltr	Left-to-right text or table.
rtl	Right-to-left text or table.

Attribute "href" value(s): uri

Specifies the location of a Web resource, thus defining a link between the current element (the source anchor) and the destination anchor defined by this attribute.

Attribute "id" value(s): unique name

This attribute assigns an identification name to an element. This name must be unique in a document

Id is often used when one wants to search for an item using javascript or vbscript.

Attribute "lang" value(s): language-code

Specifies the base language of an element's attribute values and text content.

List of some of the ISO 639-1 lang code :

Lang code	Name of Language
aa	Afar
ab	Abkhazian
af	Afrikaans
ak	Akan
sq	Albanian
am	Amharic
ar	Arabic
an	Aragonese
hy	Armenian
as	Assamese
av	Avaric
ae	Avestan
ay	Aymara
az	Azerbaijani
ba	Bashkir
bm	Bambara
be	Belarusian
bn	Bengali
bh	Bihari languages
bi	Bislama
bo	Tibetan
bs	Bosnian
br	Breton
bg	Bulgarian
my	Burmese
ca	Catalan; Valencian
cs	Czech
ch	Chamorro
ce	Chechen
zh	Chinese
cu	Church Slavic; Old Slavonic; Church Slavonic; Old Bulgarian; Old Church Slavonic
cv	Chuvash
kw	Cornish
co	Corsican
cr	Cree
cy	Welsh
cs	Czech
da	Danish
de	German
dv	Divehi; Dhivehi; Maldivian
nl	Dutch; Flemish
dz	Dzongkha
el	Greek, Modern (1453-)
en	English
eo	Esperanto
et	Estonian
eu	Basque
ee	Ewe
fo	Faroese
fa	Persian
fj	Fijian
fi	Finnish
fr	French
fr	French
fy	Western Frisian
ff	Fulah
ka	Georgian
de	German
gd	Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic
ga	Irish
gl	Galician
gv	Manx
el	Greek, Modern (1453-)
gn	Guarani
gu	Gujarati
ht	Haitian; Haitian Creole
ha	Hausa
he	Hebrew
hz	Herero
hi	Hindi
ho	Hiri Motu
hr	Croatian
hu	Hungarian
hy	Armenian
ig	Igbo
is	Icelandic
io	Ido
ii	Sichuan Yi; Nuosu
iu	Inuktitut
ie	Interlingue; Occidental
ia	Interlingua (International Auxiliary Language Association)
id	Indonesian
ik	Inupiaq
is	Icelandic
it	Italian
jv	Javanese
ja	Japanese
kl	Kalaallisut; Greenlandic
kn	Kannada
ks	Kashmiri
ka	Georgian
kr	Kanuri
kk	Kazakh
km	Central Khmer
ki	Kikuyu; Gikuyu
rw	Kinyarwanda
ky	Kirghiz; Kyrgyz
kv	Komi
kg	Kongo
ko	Korean
kj	Kuanyama; Kwanyama
ku	Kurdish
lo	Lao
la	Latin
lv	Latvian
li	Limburgan; Limburger; Limburgish
ln	Lingala
lt	Lithuanian
lb	Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch
lu	Luba-Katanga
lg	Ganda
mk	Macedonian
mh	Marshallese
ml	Malayalam
mi	Maori
mr	Marathi
ms	Malay
mk	Macedonian
mg	Malagasy
mt	Maltese
mn	Mongolian
mi	Maori
ms	Malay
my	Burmese
na	Nauru
nv	Navajo; Navaho
nr	Ndebele, South; South Ndebele
nd	Ndebele, North; North Ndebele
ng	Ndonga
ne	Nepali
nl	Dutch; Flemish
nn	Norwegian Nynorsk; Nynorsk, Norwegian
nb	Bokmål, Norwegian; Norwegian Bokmål
no	Norwegian
ny	Chichewa; Chewa; Nyanja
oc	Occitan (post 1500)
oj	Ojibwa
or	Oriya
om	Oromo
os	Ossetian; Ossetic
pa	Panjabi; Punjabi
fa	Persian
pi	Pali
pl	Polish
pt	Portuguese
ps	Pushto; Pashto
qu	Quechua
rm	Romansh
ro	Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan
ro	Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan
rn	Rundi
ru	Russian
sg	Sango
sa	Sanskrit
si	Sinhala; Sinhalese
sk	Slovak
sk	Slovak
sl	Slovenian
se	Northern Sami
sm	Samoan
sn	Shona
sd	Sindhi
so	Somali
st	Sotho, Southern
es	Spanish; Castilian
sq	Albanian
sc	Sardinian
sr	Serbian
ss	Swati
su	Sundanese
sw	Swahili
sv	Swedish
ty	Tahitian
ta	Tamil
tt	Tatar
te	Telugu
tg	Tajik
tl	Tagalog
th	Thai
bo	Tibetan
ti	Tigrinya
to	Tonga (Tonga Islands)
tn	Tswana
ts	Tsonga
tk	Turkmen
tr	Turkish
tw	Twi
ug	Uighur; Uyghur
uk	Ukrainian
ur	Urdu
uz	Uzbek
ve	Venda
vi	Vietnamese
vo	Volapük
cy	Welsh
wa	Walloon
wo	Wolof
xh	Xhosa
yi	Yiddish
yo	Yoruba
za	Zhuang; Chuang
zh	Chinese
zu	Zulu

Attribute "nohref" value(s): noref

Specifies that a region has no associated link when set.

Attribute "shape" value(s): default, rect, circle or poly

For use with client-side image map.

Specifies the shape of a region.

Possible values:

Attribute value	description
default	Specifies the entire region.
rect	Define a rectangular region.
circle	Define a circular region.
poly	Define a polygonal region.

Attribute "shape" example:

<html>
  <body>
    <object data="images/TheSun.png"
            title="The Sun image"  usemap="#sunmap">
      <map name="sunmap">
        <a  shape="circle" 
        coords="182,117,57"
        onclick="alert('You clicked on the sun');">Sun</a>
      </map>
    </object>
    <br/>Remember: This will not work in Internet Explorer.
  </body>
</html>

Attribute "style" value(s): style

Specifies style sheet (CSS) information for the current element.The syntax of the value of the style attribute is determined by the default style sheet language.

You will find more about this in the CSS learning on this site.

Attribute "tabindex" value(s): number

Specifies the position of the current element in the tabbing order for the current document.

This value must be a number between 0 and 32767

Attribute "target" value(s): frame target

Specifies the name of a frame where a document is to be opened. Look in the table below for other alternatives.

The TARGET attribute value ( in the table below) is case-insensitive, so that _top and _TOP both have the same meaning.

Possible attribute values for this element:

Attribute value	description
{frame name}	Renders the links to a frame or iframe.
_blank	Renders the links in a new, unnamed window.
_self	Renders the links in the current frame.
_parent	Renders the links in the immediate FRAMESET parent.
_top	Renders the links in the full, unframed window.

Attribute "title" value(s): text

This attribute offers advisory information about the element for which it is set.

Attribute "title" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>title attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body >
    <h1 title="Heading 1">This is a Heading 1</h1>
    <h2 title="Heading 2">This is a Heading 2</h2>
    <h3 title="Heading 3">This is a Heading 3</h3>
    <h4 title="Heading 4">This is a Heading 4</h4>
    <h5 title="Heading 5">This is a Heading 5</h5>
    <h6 title="Heading 6">This is a Heading 6</h6>
  </body>
</html>

Events:
onblur , onclick , ondblclick , onfocus , onkeydown , onkeypress , onkeyup , onmousedown , onmousemove , onmouseout , onmouseover , onmouseup

Event "onblur" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onblur event occurs when an element loses focus either by the pointing device or by tabbing navigation. It may be used with the same elements as onfocus.

Attribute "onblur" example:

<html>
  <body>
    <form name="myform" action="http://www.google.com/search">
      <input type="text" name="q" value="w3c"
             onfocus="this.value='w3c';"
             onblur="alert(this.type+' lost focus')"/>
      Focus test:
      <input type="checkbox"
             onfocus="document.myform.q.value=this.type+' in focus';"
             onblur="alert(this.type+' lost focus')"/>
      <button id="mybutton" title="Show on goggle"
               type="submit" value="Search">
        Search google</button>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

Event "onclick" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onclick event occurs when the pointing device button is clicked over an element.

Attribute "onclick" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onclick Event attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onclick="alert('you click on th body text')" >
      The onclick event occurs when the pointing device
      button is clicked over an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "ondblclick" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The ondblclick event occurs when the pointing device button is double clicked over an element.

Attribute "ondblclick" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>ondblclick Event attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      ondblclick="alert('you double-click on th body text')" >
      The ondblclick event occurs when the pointing
device button is double clicked over an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "onfocus" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onfocus event occurs when an element receives focus either by the pointing device or by tabbing navigation.

Attribute "onfocus" example:

<html>
  <body>
    <form name="myform" action="http://www.google.com/search">
      <input type="text" name="q" value="w3c"
             onfocus="this.value='w3c';"
             onblur="alert(this.type+' lost focus')"/>
      Focus test:
      <input type="checkbox"
             onfocus="document.myform.q.value=this.type+' in focus';"
             onblur="alert(this.type+' lost focus')"/>
      <button id="mybutton" title="Show on goggle"
               type="submit" value="Search">
        Search google</button>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

Event "onkeydown" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onkeydown event occurs when a key is pressed down over an element.

Attribute "onkeydown" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onkeydown Event attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onkeydown="alert('you have pressed a key down')" >
      The onkeydown event occurs when a
      key is pressed down over an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "onkeypress" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onkeypress event occurs when a key is pressed and released over an element.

Attribute "onkeypress" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onkeypress Event attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onkeypress="alert('you have pressed and released a key')" >
      The onkeypress event occurs when a key is
      pressed and released over an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "onkeyup" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onkeyup event occurs when a key is released over an element.

Attribute "onkeyup" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onkeyup Event attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onkeyup="alert('A key is released over an element')" >
      The onkeyup event occurs when a key is
     released over an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "onmousedown" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onmousedown event occurs when the pointing device button is pressed over an element.

Attribute "onmousedown" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onmouseup Event attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onmouseup="alert('The mouse button is pressed down')" >
      The onmouseup event occurs when the pointing
      device button is released over an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "onmousemove" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onmousemove event occurs when the pointing device is moved while it is over an element.

Attribute "onmousemove" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onmousemove Event attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onmousemove="document.body.text='red'" >
      The onmousemove event occurs when the
      pointing device is moved while it is over an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "onmouseout" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onmouseout event occurs when the pointing device is moved away from an element.

Attribute "onmouseout" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onmouseover and onmouseout Event attributes</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onmouseover="document.body.text='red'"
      onmouseout="document.body.text='black'" >
      The onmouseover event occurs when the
      pointing device is moved onto an element.<br>
      The onmouseout event occurs when the
      pointing device is moved away from an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "onmouseover" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onmouseover event occurs when the pointing device is moved onto an element.

Attribute "onmouseover" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onmouseover and onmouseout Event attributes</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onmouseover="document.body.text='red'"
      onmouseout="document.body.text='black'" >
      The onmouseover event occurs when the
      pointing device is moved onto an element.<br>
      The onmouseout event occurs when the
      pointing device is moved away from an element.
  </body>
</html>

Event "onmouseup" value(s): One or more script statements each ended with a semicolon.

The onmouseup event occurs when the pointing device button is released over an element.

Attribute "onmouseup" example:

<html>
  <head>
    <title>onmouseup Event attribute</title>
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="Silver" text="Blue"
      onmouseup="alert('The mouse button is released')" >
      The onmouseup event occurs when the
      pointing device button is released over an element.
  </body>
</html>

The area element cannot contain any element!

The area element can be contained in the following element(s):

Elements	Description
map	This element specifies a client-side image map that may be associated with another elements like: IMG, OBJECT, or INPUT.

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